10^th International Conference on Applied Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology October 15-16, 2018 Ottawa, Canada

Biography:

- PhD Microbiology, Microbial Immunology, Medical Microbiology, Sero-epidemiology.
- Published two review articles in ISI journals and preparing to publish PhD thesis in ISI  journals.
- ELISA professional.
- Evaluation of population`s immunity against infectious diseases.
- Professional Diploma of Healthcare Quality and Hospital International Accreditation.
- Senior Medical Laboratory Specialist with 20+ years of experience.
 

Abstract:

Haemophilus influenzae occupies the nasopharynx as a commensal opportunistic
bacterium. The most recurrent and serious disease associated with H. influenzae type
b (Hib) infection is meningitis, which can result in neurological sequelae. The
worldwide incidence of Hib meningitis in children aged <5 years was 57/100,000 in
the pre-vaccination era and this has dramatically reduced in the post-vaccination era.
The first Hib capsular polysaccharide (CPS) vaccine was licensed in 1985;
subsequently, conjugate vaccines have been developed and licensed. Serum anti-CPS
antibodies confer immunity against invasive Hib disease. An anti-CPS concentration
of ≥0.15 g/ml is believed to be a serological indication for short-term immunity
protection against invasive Hib disease, while a concentration of ≥1.0 g/ml one
month after the completion of the primary immunization course is believed to be
protective. Since serum anti-CPS antibodies are strongly associated with protection,
the measurement of antibody levels and a review of circulation data in worldwide
populations are the main steps toward proper assessment of vaccine-induced
immunity; either direct or herd. Several populations worldwide remain vulnerable to
Hib-related infections. We expect that this review on the circulation of anti-Hib
antibodies and the incidence of Hib worldwide will serve as a valuable reference for
immunologists, epidemiologists, and public health executives.

Biography:

Bertha Alejandra Flores Nuño has completed her studies as a Chemical Pharmacobiologist at the Universidad de Guadalajara, currently pursuing her master's degree in science in Biotechnology Processes at the age of 26 at the Universidad de Guadalajara at the Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierias.

 

Abstract:

The current style of life makes it difficult to include fresh fruits and foods in the diet, for this reason we seek to develop new products of fast consumption and that have beneficial bioactive components for the organism such as antioxidants and probiotics that help to improve the health of the consumer. To protect antioxidants, as well as probiotics from conditions that may affect them during the storage as part of a food matrix or their passage through the intestinal tract, microencapsulation has been used. The aim of this work was to optimize a process of microencapsulation of chicozapote (Manilkara sapota) pulp and mamey (Pouteria Sapota)  pulp and the probiotic strain of Lactobacillus fermentum to ensure the chemical and biological stability of its bioactive components, as well as evaluating their behavior in food matrices. For the microencapsulation of the fruit pulp a screening design was used: 2² with 2 central points with two blocks. The experimental runs were carried out in a spray dryer, inlet temperatures and maltodextrin concentration ranged from 100 to 130 °C and from 11 to 21%, respectively. The best conditions were 11%, 130°C with 0.086 µg Trolox/g and 11%, 100°C with 0.428 µg Trolox/g for chicozapote and mamey pulps microencapsulated powder respectively. The mixture for microencapsulation of Lactobacillus fermentum contained inulin, alginate, maltodextrin, isolated protein (soy and whey) and an inicial cellular viability of 1x10⁸ CFU/mL of the probiotic strain. Two food matrices were formulated with the microencapsulated fruits and probiotic strain  and their stability was evaluated.

Biography:

Moustafa aboamer  had completed master degree  from Alexandria University. He is a  specialist and supervisor  of clinical analysis laboratory , a premier Bio-Soft service organization. He has published this  paper in reputed journals .

Abstract:

Breast cancer is a serious life threating condition observed in women, as well as men all over the world and it is highly curable if diagnosed at an early stage .It ranks second, after lung cancer, as a cause of cancer death in women. The incidence of breast cancer is increasing on average by about 1% per year in industrialized countries and at a greater rate in developing countries.

Human tumor cells have evolved numerous strategies to avoid and escape from host mediated antitumor immune response. Among these strategies the accumulation of regulatory T (T-reg) cells at tumor site and in the peripheral circulation has recently attracted significant attention.

The ability of Treg cells to effectively suppress functions of effector T cells responsible for antitumor responses and thus to contribute to tumor progression has been evaluated in patients with different cancers such as, for example breast cancer.

Angiogenesis is known to be an important part of malignant phenotype in most cancers, including breast cancer. Without new vessel formation, tumors cannot grow to more than 2 to 3 mm.

VEGF is a central regulator of angiogenesis and vasculogenesis, because it is a highly specific mitogen for endothelial cells. VEGF binds to VEGF receptors on endothelial cells, triggering endothelial cell proliferation, migration and new vessel formation. The over expression of VEGF may be an early step in a process of metastasis, a step that is involved in the angiogenic switch.

The aim of the current study was to evaluate the expression of CD39 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and VEGF serum level of breast cancer patients in correlation with disease stages. This study was conducted on 30 female with breast cancer and 10 normal females as control group.

Biography:

Marieta Marin Bruzos is a Research fellow at the University of British Columbia. She joined the Belowground Ecosystems Group at the Faculty of Forestry in 2015. Ms. Marin Bruzos previously worked for 15 years as researcher at the Agricultural Division of the Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology of Cuba, in the research and development of microbial fertilizers and biological control agents. The primary goal of her research is to study the potential of rhizospheric bacteria (PGPR) on the promotion of plant growth and health.  Specific research areas include the interaction of PGPR with plants, mycorrhizal fungi and soil-borne pathogens like nematodes and fungi. Her interests also focus on the Actinomycetes group and its role in the soil microbial communities. Ms. Marin Bruzos is the recipient of various awards, such as Global Graduate Leadership Fellowship and Award of the Cuban Academy of Sciences.

Abstract:

Sweet cherry production in Canada is affected by many abiotic and biotic factors. Among the major diseases enumerated in the Crop profile focus group for cherries, the Root lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus penetrans and other spp.) are listed. The pest management includes chemical and cultural controls but environmental friendly alternative has not been used till present. One more problem that affects cherry production is the Replanted disease. It is the term used to describe the commonly observed poor growth and delayed cropping of cherry trees planted in old orchard sites. Replant disease is not a specific disease caused by a single agent. It can be caused by a mixture of certain pathogenic fungi, nematodes, and other soil factors. In this research, the potentialities of Actinomycetes strains isolated from cherry rhizosphere are evaluated. The isolates were screened for plant pathogenic fungi and nematode control abilities. Plant growth promoting traits of the isolates were also studied. The research concluded that Actinomycetes from the cherry rhizosphere have potential to be employed as microbial inoculants.

Biography:

Mohemid M Al-Jebouri has completed B.S.,M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in age of 27 years from Mosul and Wales Universities respectively, and postdoctoral studies from Swansea University . He trained in infectious diseases modeling by Harvard University.He is full professor leading a research group of clinical microbiology/immunology at Medical College of Tikrit University in Iraq. He published more than 90 papers most of them in reputed journals and serving as an editorial board member of repute.

Abstract:

Because of the appearance of multiple drug resistant strains of microorganisms,new drugs to fight microbes are desperately needed .Iron chelation therapy has been considered as a possible treatment of various infectious diseases including malaria.Deferoxamine ( DFO ) is the most safe and effective iron chelator available today.It was isolated from Streptomyces pilosus in the 1960s.Initially, it was developed as an antibacterial agent , later as a delivery vehicle for iron. It is more effective if used with ascorbic acid ( vitamin C ).The data concluded by us showed that exposure of Staphylococcus aureus isolated to deferoxamine led to significant decrease in the production of virulence factors by these isolates except for DNase which showed no difference . The explanation of this can be suggested to be due to inactivation of asonitase that converts citrate to isocitrate via a cis- aconite intermediate.Aconitase might be affect the synthesis of several S.aureus virulence factors and the expression of the global gene regulators RNA III and sarA.The data of the present study showed that using of iron chelator deferoxamine lead to decrease in the mortality rate of mice infected with S.aureus.Our findings indicated that deferoxamine may enhance the antibacterial activity of polymorphonuclear ( PMN ) leucocytes by protecting the cells against damage by non-mediated generation of toxic metabolites in resting PMN’s.In a murine model of S.aureus sepsis, deferoxamine treatment had an additional effect on survival and bacterial eradication from the organs of septicaemic mice.

Biography:

Dr Asit Kumar Chakraborty was performed his PhD at Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata and awarded PhD degree in 1990 from the Biochemistry department of Calcutta University. He did postdoctoral work at University of California at Berkeley and went to Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine as visiting faculty. Presently, he is Senior Research Officer and Associate Professor of Biochemistry at OIST, Vidyasagar University.

Abstract:

Organic matter is increasing in global water due to increased civilization and such substances (protein, glucose, cellulose, lipid, nucleic acids) are supporting the growth of microorganisms. Ganga River in India is very religious and peoples drink raw in many occasions. We presently detected 5.8x10³/ ml ampicillin drug resistant bacteria and many are multidrug-resistant comprising tetracycline, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, azithromycin and streptomycin as well as amikacin, vancomycin, ceftriaxone, lomofloxacin, linezolid and colistin like super-drugs. AMR spread is huge with millions of death due to ineffectiveness of antibiotics. This is happened due to creation of hundreds of mdr genes like beta-lactamases (blaTEM, blaCTX-M, blaOXA and blaNDM1), drug acetyltransferases (aacC1, aacA1, cat) and phosphotransferases (aph4) in MDR conjugative plasmids and chromosome. In other mechanisms, drug efflux proteins like tetA/C, acrAB and mexAB kickout drugs from bacterial cytoplasm increasing drug MIC and thus tetracycline, streptomycin, azithromycin, ciprofloxacin became ineffective to destroy pathogenic bacteria. We have hypothesized that such 2x10¹² diverse species are killed due to high dose of antibiotic intake since 1940s creating acute health hazard in human which is now balanced by probiotic bifidobacteria and vitamin-B complex capsules supplement. Several high quality research from US Human Microbiome Project (HMP), European Metagenomics of the Human Intestinal Tract (MetaHIT) and others have demonstrated the beneficial functions of the normal gut flora (>35000 species) on health. We suggest that molecular signalling from intestinal luminal cells (TGFβ, IL-10, IL-22 etc) as well as from bacteria (LPS, vitamins, butyrate etc) orchestrated to preserve symbiosis relation between human and bacteria. Thus MDR bacteria will be the resident of intestine favouring vitamin biosynthesis and immune-modulation needed for normal human metabolosome. Indeed mdr genes are abundantly created in plasmids and chromosomes with further mutations of target genes (rRNA, ponA, porB, gyrAB, parC)  and likely all are to protect gut microbiota to save human from extinct. Thus with time all bacteria will be drug resistant and infections should be controlled by heterogenous phyto-antibiotics, phage theray, gene medicines and DNA nanocarriers for toxic drug delivery. We find bacteriophages are reduced in Ganga River water with tremendous increase in MDR bacteria.. From sewage water of Kolkata we are isolating bacteriophages that destroy MDR bacteria. In turn, biotechnology could be explored to release large MDR-Phages into Ganga River saving the quality of religious water and to save millions from MDR infectious diseases. G-20 Nations are gathered in Germany recently and have issued Action Plan to reduce antibiotic use in human, food animals and agricultural land as has been recommended by WHO. We find heterogeneous phyto-antibiotics from Cassia fistula and Suregada multiflora etc. are very effective against MDR-bacteria and may help to design new toxic drugs (MDR-Cure).